Which feature(s) of speech can be altered to change emotion or meaning?

The alteration of fundamental frequency, amplitude, and duration is key in conveying different emotions or meanings in speech. Fundamental frequency relates to pitch, which can express emotions such as happiness or sadness. Amplitude, or vocal intensity, can signify excitement or anger, while duration affects how we perceive urgency or calmness in spoken language.

Together, these features create a nuanced system of vocal expression that can dramatically change the interpretation of a message beyond merely the words spoken. For instance, a quick and loud utterance may convey urgency or anger, while a soft and slow delivery may suggest sadness or intimacy. Understanding and manipulating these aspects allows speakers to enhance their emotional delivery, making the spoken message more impactful.