What speech error pattern did Joey display during his evaluation?

Joey's speech error pattern demonstrates the substitution of stop consonants for fricatives and affricates. This pattern indicates that when he is attempting to produce sounds that require the airflow to be partially obstructed (like fricatives or affricates), he instead produces sounds created by completely stopping the airflow (stops).

This substitution can be seen in many speech disorders where the speaker may simplify more complex sounds in their speech. For example, a fricative like "f" might be replaced with a stop like "p", leading to systematic errors that can impact intelligibility. Such a pattern can help clinicians in identifying specific areas of difficulty in speech production, guiding intervention strategies aimed at addressing these substitutions and improving communication. In this context, the pattern reflects a consistent issue in the mastery of phonetic distinctions critical for accurate articulation of various speech sounds.