What is a condition under which inhalation and exhalation can be measured non-invasively?

The chosen answer relates to the use of a pneumotachograph, which is a device designed to measure airflow during inhalation and exhalation. It operates by capturing the air that passes through it and measuring the pressure difference across a resistive element. This allows for accurate and real-time assessment of airflow rates, making it a reliable non-invasive method for evaluating respiratory function.

Pneumotachographs are widely used in clinical and research settings to assess pulmonary function and can provide valuable data on respiratory patterns. Their non-invasive nature means they do not require any surgical procedures or direct contact with the respiratory system, thus ensuring patient comfort and safety while maintaining accurate measurements.

In contrast, an induction coil requires the use of electromagnetic principles to measure movement within the respiratory system, which may not always directly correlate to airflow. Options involving hooks in the muscle imply invasive procedures that would not allow for non-invasive measurements, and static pressure measuring devices are typically less effective in providing the dynamic data needed during the breath cycle compared to pneumotachographs. Thus, the pneumotachograph stands out as the appropriate tool for non-invasive measurement of inhalation and exhalation.